PKI functions handling RSA keys

PKI.load.key loads an RSA key in PKCS#1/8 PEM or DER format.

PKI.save.key creates a PEM or DER representation of a RSA key.

PKI.genRSAkey generates RSA public/private key pair.

PKI.mkRSApubkey creates a RSA public key with the supplied modulus and exponent.

PKI.load.OpenSSH.pubkey loads public key in OpenSSH format (as used in .ssh/authorized_keys file)

PKI.load.key(what, format = c("PEM", "DER"), private, file, password="")
PKI.save.key(key, format = c("PEM", "DER"), private, target)
PKI.genRSAkey(bits = 2048L)
PKI.mkRSApubkey(modulus, exponent=65537L, format = c("DER", "PEM", "key"))
PKI.load.OpenSSH.pubkey(what, first=TRUE, format = c("DER", "PEM", "key"))

Arguments

what: string, raw vector or connection to load the key from
key: RSA key object
format: format - PEM is ASCII (essentially base64-encoded DER with header/footer), DER is binary and key means an acutal key object
private: logical, whether to use the private key (TRUE), public key (FALSE) or whichever is available (NA or missing).
file: filename to load the key from - what and file are mutually exclusive
password: string, used only if what is an encrypted private key as the password to decrypt the key
target: optional connection or a file name to store the result in. If missing, the result is just returned form the function as either a character vector (PEM) or a raw vector (DER).
bits: size of the generated key in bits. Must be 2 ^ n with integer n > 8.
modulus: modulus either as a raw vector (see as.BIGNUMint) or bigz object (from gmp package) or an integer.
exponent: exponent either as a raw vector (see as.BIGNUMint) or bigz object (from gmp package) or an integer.
first: logical, if TRUE only the first key will be used, otherwise the result is a list of keys.

Value

PKI.load.key: private or public key object

PKI.save.key: raw vector (DER format) or character vector (PEM format).

PKI.genRSAkey: private + public key object

PKI.mkRSApubkey, PKI.load.OpenSSH.pubkey: raw vector (DER format) or character vector (PEM format) or a "public.key" object.

Author

Simon Urbanek

Note

The output format for private keys in PEM is PKCS#1, but for public keys it is X.509 SubjectPublicKeyInfo (certificate public key). This is consistent with OpenSSL RSA command line tool which uses the same convention.

PKI.load.key can auto-detect the contained format based on the header if `PEM` format is used. In that case it supports PKCS#1 (naked RSA key), PKCS#8 (wrapped key with identifier - for public keys X.509 SubjectPublicKeyInfo) and encrypted private key in PKCS#8 (password must be passed to decrypt). `DER` format provides no way to define the type so `private` cannot be `NA` and only the default format (PKCS#1 for private keys and X.509 SubjectPublicKeyInfo for public keys) is supported.

The OpenSSH format is one line beginning with "ssh-rsa ". SSH2 PEM public keys (rfc4716) are supported in PKI.load.key and the binary payload is the same as the OpenSSH, only with different wrapping.

Examples

# generate 2048-bit RSA key
key <- PKI.genRSAkey(bits = 2048L)

# extract private and public parts as PEM
priv.pem <- PKI.save.key(key)
pub.pem <- PKI.save.key(key, private=FALSE)
# load back the public key separately
pub.k <- PKI.load.key(pub.pem)

# encrypt with the public key
x <- PKI.encrypt(charToRaw("Hello, world!"), pub.k)
# decrypt with private key
rawToChar(PKI.decrypt(x, key))
#> [1] "Hello, world!"

# compute SHA1 hash (fingerprint) of the public key
PKI.digest(PKI.save.key(key, "DER", private=FALSE))
#>  [1] 0b 8a 32 9b b0 85 5c eb de f6 1e 45 a5 41 e4 4a 4b 22 a1 6c

# convert OpenSSH public key to PEM format
# (the example is split into multiple lines just
#  so it is readable in the documentation, in reality you can
#  simply use the full line from is_rsa.pub without gsub)
PKI.load.OpenSSH.pubkey(gsub("\n","",
  "ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAIEAuvOXqfZ3pJeWeqyQOIXZwmg
M1RBqPUmVx3XgntpA+YtOZjKfuoJSpg3LhBuI/wXx8L2QZXNFibvX4qX2qoYsb
Hvkz2uonA3F7HRhCR/BJURR5nT135znVqALZo328v86HDsVWYR2/JzY1X8GI2R
2iKUMGXF0hVuRphdwLB735CU= foo@mycomputer"), format="PEM")
#> [1] "-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----"                                      
#> [2] "MIGdMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GLADCBhwKBgQC685ep9nekl5Z6rJA4hdnCaAzV"
#> [3] "EGo9SZXHdeCe2kD5i05mMp+6glKmDcuEG4j/BfHwvZBlc0WJu9fipfaqhixse+TP"
#> [4] "a6icDcXsdGEJH8ElRFHmdPXfnOdWoAtmjfby/zocOxVZhHb8nNjVfwYjZHaIpQwZ"
#> [5] "cXSFW5GmF3AsHvfkJQIBIw=="                                        
#> [6] "-----END PUBLIC KEY-----"